Prolonged persistence of residual Wuchereria bancrofti infection after cessation of diethylcarbamazine-fortified salt programme.
Identifieur interne : 006084 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 006083; suivant : 006085Prolonged persistence of residual Wuchereria bancrofti infection after cessation of diethylcarbamazine-fortified salt programme.
Auteurs : K D Ramaiah [Inde] ; B. Thiruvengadam ; P. Vanamail ; S. Subramanian ; S. Gunasekaran ; N. Nilamani ; P K DasSource :
- Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH [ 1365-3156 ] ; 2009.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Abstention thérapeutique, Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Animaux, Antigènes d'helminthe (sang), Calendrier d'administration des médicaments, Chlorure de sodium (administration et posologie), Diéthylcarbamazine (administration et posologie), Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux), Filariose lymphatique (transmission), Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie), Humains, Inde (épidémiologie), Jeune adulte, Microfilaria (), Microfilaria (immunologie), Mâle, Nourrisson, Nouveau-né, Porteur sain, Wuchereria bancrofti (), Wuchereria bancrofti (immunologie).
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Chlorure de sodium, Diéthylcarbamazine.
- immunologie : Microfilaria, Wuchereria bancrofti.
- sang : Antigènes d'helminthe.
- traitement médicamenteux : Filariose lymphatique.
- épidémiologie : Filariose lymphatique, Inde.
- Abstention thérapeutique, Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Animaux, Calendrier d'administration des médicaments, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Microfilaria, Mâle, Nourrisson, Nouveau-né, Porteur sain, Wuchereria bancrofti.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Antigens, Helminth (blood), Carrier State, Child, Child, Preschool, Diethylcarbamazine (administration & dosage), Drug Administration Schedule, Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy), Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology), Elephantiasis, Filarial (transmission), Female, Humans, India (epidemiology), Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Microfilariae (drug effects), Microfilariae (immunology), Middle Aged, Sodium Chloride (administration & dosage), Withholding Treatment, Wuchereria bancrofti (drug effects), Wuchereria bancrofti (immunology), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Diethylcarbamazine, Sodium Chloride.
- chemical , blood : Antigens, Helminth.
- drug effects : Microfilariae, Wuchereria bancrofti.
- drug therapy : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis, Filarial, India.
- immunology : Microfilariae, Wuchereria bancrofti.
- transmission : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- Adolescent, Adult, Animals, Carrier State, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug Administration Schedule, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Withholding Treatment, Young Adult.
Abstract
A diethylcarbamazine (DEC)-fortified salt intervention programme was implemented between 1982 and 1986 in Karaikal district, Union territory of Pondicherry, south India, to control Culex transmitted bancroftian filariasis. The intervention reduced the microfilaria (Mf) rate from 4.49% to 0.08%. To eliminate the residual microfilaraemia, the health department detected and treated Mf carriers from 1987 to 2005 and mass-administered drugs in 2004 and 2005. Surveillance from 1987 to 2005 revealed persistent microfilaraemia in 0.03-0.42% of the population. In 2006, we conducted a more detailed Mf survey and a child antigenaemia (Ag) survey in 15 urban wards and 17 rural villages. These surveys showed an overall Mf rate of 0.46% in the high-risk urban areas and 0.18% in the rural areas; none of the sampled children was positive for Ag. All detected Mf carriers were >20 years old. The age of the youngest Mf carrier was 30 years in urban and 21 years in rural areas, which suggests that transmission was interrupted and there was no incidence of new Mf case after cessation of DEC salt programme. Eleven of 15 urban and 15 of 17 villages were totally free from microfilaraemia. Nevertheless, three of 15 surveyed urban localities and two of 17 villages showed >1% Mf rate. Thus, it seems that (i) post-intervention very low levels of microfilaraemia can continue as long as 20 years; (ii) 0.60-0.70% Mf rate is a safe level and at this level recrudescence of infection may not occur; (iii) there can be isolated localities with >1% Mf rate and their detection for further intervention measures could be challenging in larger control/elimination programmes and (iv) the residual infection mostly gets concentrated in the adult population, in underdeveloped urban areas and in historically highly endemic or large endemic rural areas. These groups and areas should be targeted with rigorous intervention measures such as mass drug administration to eliminate the residual infection.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02307.x
PubMed: 19552662
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 002E21
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 002E21
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 002E21
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 003482
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 003482
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 003482
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 006156
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 006084
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Prolonged persistence of residual Wuchereria bancrofti infection after cessation of diethylcarbamazine-fortified salt programme.</title><author><name sortKey="Ramaiah, K D" sort="Ramaiah, K D" uniqKey="Ramaiah K" first="K D" last="Ramaiah">K D Ramaiah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Vector Control Research Centre, Pondicherry, India. jnegin@health.usyd.edu.au</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Vector Control Research Centre, Pondicherry</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pondicherry</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thiruvengadam, B" sort="Thiruvengadam, B" uniqKey="Thiruvengadam B" first="B" last="Thiruvengadam">B. Thiruvengadam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vanamail, P" sort="Vanamail, P" uniqKey="Vanamail P" first="P" last="Vanamail">P. Vanamail</name></author><author><name sortKey="Subramanian, S" sort="Subramanian, S" uniqKey="Subramanian S" first="S" last="Subramanian">S. Subramanian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gunasekaran, S" sort="Gunasekaran, S" uniqKey="Gunasekaran S" first="S" last="Gunasekaran">S. Gunasekaran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nilamani, N" sort="Nilamani, N" uniqKey="Nilamani N" first="N" last="Nilamani">N. Nilamani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Das, P K" sort="Das, P K" uniqKey="Das P" first="P K" last="Das">P K Das</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:19552662</idno><idno type="pmid">19552662</idno><idno type="doi">10.1111/j.1365-3156.2009.02307.x</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">002E21</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">002E21</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">002E21</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">002E21</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">002E21</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">002E21</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">003482</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">003482</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">003482</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">006156</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">006084</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">006084</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Prolonged persistence of residual Wuchereria bancrofti infection after cessation of diethylcarbamazine-fortified salt programme.</title><author><name sortKey="Ramaiah, K D" sort="Ramaiah, K D" uniqKey="Ramaiah K" first="K D" last="Ramaiah">K D Ramaiah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Vector Control Research Centre, Pondicherry, India. jnegin@health.usyd.edu.au</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>Vector Control Research Centre, Pondicherry</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pondicherry</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thiruvengadam, B" sort="Thiruvengadam, B" uniqKey="Thiruvengadam B" first="B" last="Thiruvengadam">B. Thiruvengadam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vanamail, P" sort="Vanamail, P" uniqKey="Vanamail P" first="P" last="Vanamail">P. Vanamail</name></author><author><name sortKey="Subramanian, S" sort="Subramanian, S" uniqKey="Subramanian S" first="S" last="Subramanian">S. Subramanian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gunasekaran, S" sort="Gunasekaran, S" uniqKey="Gunasekaran S" first="S" last="Gunasekaran">S. Gunasekaran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nilamani, N" sort="Nilamani, N" uniqKey="Nilamani N" first="N" last="Nilamani">N. Nilamani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Das, P K" sort="Das, P K" uniqKey="Das P" first="P K" last="Das">P K Das</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH</title><idno type="eISSN">1365-3156</idno><imprint><date when="2009" type="published">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Animals</term><term>Antigens, Helminth (blood)</term><term>Carrier State</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Diethylcarbamazine (administration & dosage)</term><term>Drug Administration Schedule</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (transmission)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>India (epidemiology)</term><term>Infant</term><term>Infant, Newborn</term><term>Male</term><term>Microfilariae (drug effects)</term><term>Microfilariae (immunology)</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Sodium Chloride (administration & dosage)</term><term>Withholding Treatment</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti (drug effects)</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti (immunology)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Abstention thérapeutique</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Antigènes d'helminthe (sang)</term><term>Calendrier d'administration des médicaments</term><term>Chlorure de sodium (administration et posologie)</term><term>Diéthylcarbamazine (administration et posologie)</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (transmission)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Inde (épidémiologie)</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Microfilaria ()</term><term>Microfilaria (immunologie)</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Nouveau-né</term><term>Porteur sain</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti ()</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti (immunologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Diethylcarbamazine</term><term>Sodium Chloride</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="blood" xml:lang="en"><term>Antigens, Helminth</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chlorure de sodium</term><term>Diéthylcarbamazine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Microfilariae</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term><term>India</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Microfilaria</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Microfilariae</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="sang" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antigènes d'helminthe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Inde</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Animals</term><term>Carrier State</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Drug Administration Schedule</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Infant</term><term>Infant, Newborn</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Withholding Treatment</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Abstention thérapeutique</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Calendrier d'administration des médicaments</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Microfilaria</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Nourrisson</term><term>Nouveau-né</term><term>Porteur sain</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A diethylcarbamazine (DEC)-fortified salt intervention programme was implemented between 1982 and 1986 in Karaikal district, Union territory of Pondicherry, south India, to control Culex transmitted bancroftian filariasis. The intervention reduced the microfilaria (Mf) rate from 4.49% to 0.08%. To eliminate the residual microfilaraemia, the health department detected and treated Mf carriers from 1987 to 2005 and mass-administered drugs in 2004 and 2005. Surveillance from 1987 to 2005 revealed persistent microfilaraemia in 0.03-0.42% of the population. In 2006, we conducted a more detailed Mf survey and a child antigenaemia (Ag) survey in 15 urban wards and 17 rural villages. These surveys showed an overall Mf rate of 0.46% in the high-risk urban areas and 0.18% in the rural areas; none of the sampled children was positive for Ag. All detected Mf carriers were >20 years old. The age of the youngest Mf carrier was 30 years in urban and 21 years in rural areas, which suggests that transmission was interrupted and there was no incidence of new Mf case after cessation of DEC salt programme. Eleven of 15 urban and 15 of 17 villages were totally free from microfilaraemia. Nevertheless, three of 15 surveyed urban localities and two of 17 villages showed >1% Mf rate. Thus, it seems that (i) post-intervention very low levels of microfilaraemia can continue as long as 20 years; (ii) 0.60-0.70% Mf rate is a safe level and at this level recrudescence of infection may not occur; (iii) there can be isolated localities with >1% Mf rate and their detection for further intervention measures could be challenging in larger control/elimination programmes and (iv) the residual infection mostly gets concentrated in the adult population, in underdeveloped urban areas and in historically highly endemic or large endemic rural areas. These groups and areas should be targeted with rigorous intervention measures such as mass drug administration to eliminate the residual infection.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Inde</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Das, P K" sort="Das, P K" uniqKey="Das P" first="P K" last="Das">P K Das</name><name sortKey="Gunasekaran, S" sort="Gunasekaran, S" uniqKey="Gunasekaran S" first="S" last="Gunasekaran">S. Gunasekaran</name><name sortKey="Nilamani, N" sort="Nilamani, N" uniqKey="Nilamani N" first="N" last="Nilamani">N. Nilamani</name><name sortKey="Subramanian, S" sort="Subramanian, S" uniqKey="Subramanian S" first="S" last="Subramanian">S. Subramanian</name><name sortKey="Thiruvengadam, B" sort="Thiruvengadam, B" uniqKey="Thiruvengadam B" first="B" last="Thiruvengadam">B. Thiruvengadam</name><name sortKey="Vanamail, P" sort="Vanamail, P" uniqKey="Vanamail P" first="P" last="Vanamail">P. Vanamail</name></noCountry><country name="Inde"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ramaiah, K D" sort="Ramaiah, K D" uniqKey="Ramaiah K" first="K D" last="Ramaiah">K D Ramaiah</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/LymphedemaV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 006084 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 006084 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= LymphedemaV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:19552662
|texte= Prolonged persistence of residual Wuchereria bancrofti infection after cessation of diethylcarbamazine-fortified salt programme.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:19552662" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a LymphedemaV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.31. |  |